The major advantage of in vivo optical techniques is the ability to study many levels of function of the CNS that are inaccessible by other methods. This rapidly expanding field is multidisciplinary in nature and findings have thus far been scattered throughout the literature. In Vivo Optical Imaging of Brain Function brings together, for the first time, a review of the wide variety of optical imaging techniques that have recently emerged for the specific study of activity in the living brain, as well as their application in animal and human brain research. The book describes noninvasive and invasive optical techniques that enable the description of brain function at levels ranging from single neurons to large assemblies comprising of millions of neurons, and thus address issues related to brain activation ranging from neuronal networks to cognition. Each chapter describes the theory, set-up, analytical methods, and examples of experiments that highlight the advantages of a particular imaging method. Moreover, the authors present technical details at a level that will encourage researchers to utilize the imaging methods in your laboratory. As this field continues to advance our understanding of brain function, researchers need In Vivo Optical Imaging of Brain Function to keep abreast of the latest developments in this exciting area of study.