This is perhaps the first book containing biographical information of Sir James Lighthill and his major scientific contributions to the different areas of fluid mechanics, applied mathematics, aerodynamics, linear and nonlinear waves in fluids, geophysical fluid dynamics, biofluiddynamics, aeroelasticity, boundary layer theory, generalized functions, and Fourier series and integrals. Special effort is made to present Lighthill's scientific work in a simple and concise manner, and generally intelligible to readers who have some introduction to fluid mechanics. The book also includes a list of Lighthill's significant papers. By providing detailed background information and knowledge, sufficient to start interdisciplinary research, it is intended to serve as a ready reference guide for readers interested in advanced study and research in modern fluid mechanics.