Medical imaging is specific in that it concerns internal structures of organisms that are inaccessible to common imaging methods and that the imaging results are observed, evaluated, and classified mostly by non-technical staff. Development of new image processing methods and the interpretation of complicated or unexpected results require deep understanding of the underlying theory and methods involved in image processing and analysis. The author of this text provides a firm grounding in the principles as well as insight into the way of treating the image material. This book provides readers with consistent reasoning based on a firm grasp of image processing fundamentals, preferring the continuous well understandable explanation rather than strict mathematical formalism.